Mechanical movement



J. D. PEDERSEN.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1917.

1,355,418. Pimm 001;. 12,1920.

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MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

non EILED MAY 29. 917

1,355,418. mama oct. 12,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2. fr 9.5:

l. D. PEDERSEN. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION man um! 29. 1911. 1,355,418. Pand Oct. 12, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

/8 Ell' UNITED STATES- PATENr OFFICE.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN, or JACKSON, WYOMING.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT,

Specification of Letters Ilatent. Patentelil 0G17. 12, 1920.

Application led Hay 29, 1917. Serial No. 171,663.,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JUMN D. PEDERSEN, a

citizen of the United States, residing inv Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and btate of lVyoming, have invented certain new .and useful Improvements in Mechanical Move-- ments, of which the following is a specifica-y tion. l This invention relates to that class of mechanical movements which comprise 'devices' shall be adapted for engaging and releasing the reciprocatory breech-bolt in such a firearm. This particular adaptation or application in my present improvements is illustrated in a copending application, Serial No. 165,171, filed April 28th, 1917, for certain improvements in firearms.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a preferred form of the mechanical movement, and illustrates one embodiment of the invention in a mechanism organized in accordance with my present improvements.

Fig. 2 is a'frontv elevation of the mechanism in the form thereof illustrated in Fig.

i 1 ;l in this view a cover-plate,-as t, Fig. 3,-

is omitted, and some parts are shown in section.Y

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the vmechanism as seen from theleft-hand in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2, for showing the operating partsin a different position, and for thereby more clearly illustrating the mode of operation of the details and of the mechanism consideredas a whole.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the locking-member e, and is drawn on a scale twice that of said member as shown in Figs. 2 and 4; Fig. 6

' is a section on line X", .of Fig. 5; and, Fig.

7 is an end View of the member` e as seen from theright-hand in Fig. 5.

Figs. 87,- Qand 10 are three views drawn on an enlarged scale Vfor illustrating the mode ofactlon, and the step-by-step operation, of the p slide-engaging and releasing devices :when these are of the aarticular form and arrangement shown in lgs. 2, .3 and 4.

F ig. 11 is a frontview, similar to Fig. 2, .for illustrating a modification which is herelnafter more fully explained.

F1gs. 12, 13 and 14 are a series of similar diagrams explanatory of certain features of the mechanismwhen this is arranged as in F1 s. 2, 4,`and.8 to 10.

imilar reference characters designate like parts in all the views.

Referring to Figs. l to 10 of the drawings. the several operative details are shown assembled on a frame, F, which may have, in practice, various modifications in form and proportlon. In the upper part-thereof, said rame, or base-member, F, is shown as being provided with a slide-way, which in this instance is circular in cross-section, but which, obviously, may be of other forms, (not shown). The slide G is designated as the main member, and is fitted to have in said frame a reciprocatory movement to and from a forward position,-as in Fig. 2,--andv a rearward or retracted position, Fig. 4. The slide G,-in this instance shown of a bolt-like form,may be provided with an arm or handle, 7, extending upwardly through the guide-slot 6g, to serve as a handle whereby the slide may be retracted by hand to'said rearward position thereof.

As one suitable means for forwardlyactuating said slide-member, G, I have shown this member provided with a bore or chamber 7'l in which is located a slideactuating spring, 7 which reacts against an abutment that mayv consist of a pin, as 17, fixed in the `frame F and having one end thereof extending through a slot, 18, formed in the slide G; thus the inner end of the pin 17 extends into said spring-chamber and forms the desired abutment, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3. Said slot 18 may be of such a lengthand location that the forward end or face thereof, .as at 18', may serve as a stop-face for limiting the retraction of the The slide locking and releasing mechanism is preferably arranged adjacent to the slide, as G, and in the form thereof herein shown consists of the principal mem- -bers ai and e, and the coperating, or coacting, member 3; for convenience of reference, these members are herein designated by the same names, respectively, as in my aforesaid prior application, via-the sear d, the Sear-lock e, and the main searlever, 3. These several members are shown located against I a vertical wall surface (Figs. 2, 3, 4) of the frame F, and may be held in place and protected by a cover plate, as t, which is shown in end view vin Fi 3, but is omitted from the other views. he sear member, or slide-lock, d is shown of a lever-form construction and operably supported for oscillation about a pivot pin, 6, and the Sear-lock e, about the similar pivot 61. In practice, said pivot-pins may be inserted in holes formed in the members d and e, but I prefer the bearing arrangement as shown because of the greater ease of assembling afforded thereby. A stop-pin, as 6r, may be located for coperating with the pivot 6 to hold-the sear d in working position.

The sear d may be operated on its pivot 6 into the bolt-engaging position thereof, (Figs. 4, 8), by some directly-acting spring, (not shown), to be suitably arranged therefor. In the present instance, however, the means appurtenant to said locker e, whereby said Sear-actuation is effected, consists of the sear-lock-actuating spring, e2, acting through the scar-lock membere. The spring e2 is or may be carriedl on a guide rod, e3, slidably vmounted in the lock member e, and bearing against the frame face 6, which thus serves as an abutment.

For convenience of manufacture and assembling, the member e is preferably formed with a recess, 5, for said spring e2,

and with bearings, 5, 5t", for the rod e3; the

bearing 5" extends into a relief-space, 58,-. see Figs. 5, 6, 7 ,-and should be larger than rod or steme, for permitting this stem to be slipped into place from an oblique position, in a Well-known manner.

The Sear-lock e is a combined searactuator and scar-locker, and is preferably supported on the pivot or pin 6P', so that the spring e2 will continuously tend to force down the scar-engaging end e4, which thus bears on the face d3 of the retracted sear,l

(Fig. 10), for thereby turning the lsear to the position thereof in Fig. 8; this""slide engaging stroke of the .Sear d is limited the stop 6r. When said slide-locking operation takes place, the lock-end e? comes forward of the face d* of the operating arm of the sear d, thereby blocking (or locking A) the sear in said slide-engaging osition ther of (Fig. 8) until the lock e s all be raised (retracted) to the position thereof shown in Fig. 9; when thus released, however, the lock e (unless otherwise controlled) will be quickly raised to its position in Fig. 10, by a rotation of primary sear d, since the faces 7c and d2 are,-in the preferable form herein shown,-so inclined or shaped as to constrike the face d3 when the parts arel in the` positions shown in Fi s. 4 and 8.

For `further control ing the operation of the sear ,-and notwithstanding the above described direct mode of coaction thereof with the lock-member e,-I have provided a further improvement, as follows: The Sear-lever 3, (which is the secondary sear device), is shown pivoted at 3a to the frame F, and may be strongly actuated by some suitable spring, as 3l. The point 3c of the lever 3 will thus normally be kept raised up to its position in Fig. 9, and will then engage forwardly of the operating arm d* of the sear d, and will do this at a time when this sear has been turned only a slight distance, as from its position in Figs. 4, 8, to itsposition in Fig. 9. Said position, Fig. 9, is thus the ready-to-release position of the slide-locking mechanism; in this .position of the 'mec anism, said secondary sear device holds the primary sear member al, against disengagement from the main member G.

When the several members are in the position illustrated in Fig. 9, the operator by drawing the lever member 3 downwardly to the position thereof in Figs. 2 and 10, thereby permits the forwardly-acting force of the slide G (acting through said actuationface, 7c) to further turn or depress the sear d,-Fig. 10; this releases the slide G, which will then be carried forward by its spring 7 to the positions thereof indicated in Figs. 10 and 2. Thus the point end 3'of said l lthe sear-end,'3, of the lever 3 in the manner above indicated, I have shown herein a simple form of trigger device, 4, which may consist of a lever turningvupon a pivot, as

4, and provided with an arm, 4', engaging in a slot, 3', of said main Sear-lever 3. A

stop, as 40, may be located for properly lim- In Figs. 2 and 4, the member 3 is shown pivotally supported, and of a form and arrangement slmilar to the pivoted lever-form sears used in well-known kinds of firearm mechanisms. For the purposes of my present improvements, however, said member 3 may be modified in construction and may be arranged in the form of a slide, while retaining in the mechanism the same functions and operative relations as already de- A scribed. One such modification and arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 11, which is a view similar to Fig. 2, and in which 30 is a lslide-form of the member 3. By comparison, it will be evident that the pointend 3, Fig. 11, is the same in all material respects as the point-end 3c in Figs. 8, 9, 10, so far as involving the direct coaction with the coacting portions d* and e* of the sear and Sear-lock members d and e, respectively. Thus the mechanism, whether arranged as in Figs. 2 and 4, or as in Fig. 11, may be said to comprise a compound scar-device which includes a primary-scar, (as d, for directly engaging the reciprocatable member, as Gr), and a secondary sear, (as 3C, for

engaging and releasing the primary Sear), and 1n which the secondary Sear-member 1s a combined sear-lock-retractor and primaryscar-locker. Also, it should be noted that the releasing of the retracted slide, Gr, is effected by a two-stage sear-retractive action, the means for which,-in the present instance,-comprises the scar-lock e anda member such as the lever, 3, or an equivalent therefor.

lThe hereindescribed pivotally supported arrangement of the member 3 has the advantage of sustaining the pressure of the arm l? without creating so much friction as withl the described slide-form thereof, and hence the direction and locations of the force-lines which occur within the mechanism are deemed to be much more favorable. These features of the cinematics of the mechanism are further illustrated in the diagrams, Figs. 12', 13 and 14, which are drawn and arranged in a well-known manner. Of these diagrams, Fig. 12 illustrates certain of the lines of force, with relation Big 91) In igs. 12 and 14, the line 9 indicates to the ivots 6 and 6 and the several coacting aring. faces, as occurrin when the members are 1n position as in 1g. 8; Fig. 13 similarly illustrates the same features as indicated in Fig. 9; Fig. 14, shows the dia-- grams of F'gs. 12 and 13 combined into one diagram. n Fig. 13, the line 9" normal to the line 9", and line 7 parallel to face 7, form an angle indicated by arc 9S, for indicating the actuation effect of said face 7 c; said angle, 9, of course, must be greater in practice, than the angle-of-repose which may appertain to the faces 7 and cl2 (see in any given instance.

the 'direct or normal line of action,-or line of force,-between the inclined face 7c and pivot 61. In Figs. 13 and 14, the line 9b indicates the similar line of force between saidl face 7 and the pivot 3. However, in Figs. 12, 14, the actual path of the force from face 7c to pivot 6P is by way of the point e4, and on thev lines v9 and 9d, thus showing the low triangle of force-lines, (of which line 9c is the base and point 6 the apex) from 7c to e4; also showing these features with relation to the line of centers 9*, the triangle 6, e4, 6P, and the non-parallel positions relative to each other of the faces at 7c and e4. yIn Fig. 14, a fragmen- 95 tary part, e4, of the scar-lock, is shown superposed on a corresponding part 3, of the secondary sear 3, thus showing how the position of face e4 relative to pivot 6P is similar to the position of face 3c relative to 100 pivot 3"; in each case, however, the relation of line 9 to face 7c and pivot 6, remains unchanged. From the proportions of the triangles, it is evident that the principal part of the force exerted by face 7 will be 1,35 transmitted to pivot 6, and only a small part'to face e*k (Fig. 12) or to face 3,,

(Flig 13).

aving thus described my invention, I claim 1. The combination with a forwardly actuated main member having a Sear-engaging and scar-actuating face; a lever-form sear member' having a sear-face in position for engaging forwardly of said face ofthe main member when this member is in a retracted position, and also having a Sear-arm; a searL member actuator-and-locker in position and operable for actuating the Sear-member into said engagement with the main member, and for thereupon also locking the searmember in its said engaging position; and,

a secondary scar-device in position and operable, (on one stroke thereof) for retracting said actuator-and-locker and thereupon engaging with said scar-arm, and for (on a reverse stroke thereof) disengaging from said Sear-arm and thereby permit the mainmember tdactuate the Sear-memberl out of its engagement therewith.

operable (on one stroke thereof) forretracting said actuator-and-locker and thereupon engaging said Sear-arm, and for (on a reverse stroke thereof) disengaging said Sear-arm andv thereby permit said Sear-actuating face to retract the Sear-member from its engagement with the main member.

3. In a mechanical movement comprising a reciprocatable main member, and means for forwardly actuating said main member, the combination with the main member, of a Sear-member having an operating arm and operably supported in position for eni gaging the main member when this member is in a retracted position; a combined sear actuator and sear locker in position and operable for first actuating said operating arm to a position for thereby engaging the Searmember with the main member, and for next locking the operating arm in said position; and, a secondary Sear-device in position and operable on one stroke thereof for retracting said combined actuator and locker and thereupon by engaging said operating arm holding the Sear-member against disengagement from the main member.

4. In a mechanical movement comprising a reciprocatable main member, and means for forwardly actuating said main member, the combination with the main member, of a Sear-member having an operating arm and operably supported in position for engaging the main member when this member is in a retracted position; a combined sear actuator and sear locker in position'and operable for first actuating said operating arm to a position for thereby engaging the searmember with the main member, and for next locking the operating arm in said position; means -appurtenant to the said combined actuator and locker for actuating this member toward the arm-locking position thereof; anda secondary Sear-device in position and operable for -retracting said combined actuator and locker and thereuponv by engaging said operating arm. holding the Sear-member against disengagement from the main member.

5. In a mechanical movement of the character described, in combination, a slide having a Sear-engaging face and provided with slide actuating means; a primary sear for engaging said slide face when thev slide is in a retracted position; a scar-lock for engaging the primary sear and locking it into engagement with the slide when this is in a retracted position; and, a combined secondary scar and Sear-lock retractor in position and arranged for rst retracting the Sear-lock and then holding the slide retracted by acting through the primary Sear as an intermediate member.

6. In a mechanical movement of the character described, in combination, a slide having a Sear-engaging face and provided with slide actuating means; a primary sear pivotally supportedl in position for engaging said slide-face when the slide is in a retracted position; a Sear-actuating Sear lock arranged for engaging the primary Sear and for locking it into engagement with the slide when this is in a retracted position; means for actuating ,the Sear lock in a searactuating direction; and, a combined secondary sear and Sear-lock retractor in position and arranged for first actuating the scar-lock in a Sear-releasing direction and then holding the slide retracted by acting through the primary sear as an intermediate member. A

7. The combination with .a reciprocatable main member which is retractable to a searengaging position; a primary sear having a Sear-face in position for engaging with the main member when this member is in a retracted position, and also having a seararm; a combined scar-actuator and locker in position and operable for actuating the Sear into engagement with the main member, and then locking the sear in said engaging position; and, a secondary sear in position and operable on a strokefthereof in onedirection for retracting said actuatorand-locker and for thereupon by engaging said scar-arm continuing the locking of the sear in engagement with the main member.

8. The combination with a reciprocatable main member which is retractable to a searengaging position; a primary sear operably supported adjacent to said main member and having a Sear-face in position for engaging with the main member when this member is in a retracted position, and also having a scar-arm; a Sear-lock in position' and operable for locking the sear in said` engaging position; and, a reciprocatable device in position and operable for retracting said Sear-lock and thereupon by engaging said sear-arm holding the sear in engagement with the main member.

9. The combination with a reciprocatable main member Which'is retractable to a searengaging position; a primary Sear pivotally supported adjacent to said main member and having a Sear-face in position for engaging with the main member when this the engagement of the Sear with the main member.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN.

Witnesses:

E. C. GILBERT, L. E. WETMORE. 

